Potential hepatitis C treatment may be as effective current standard treatment.
The Wall Street Journal (3/24, Kingsbury) reported that preliminary results from a midstage trial indicate that Zalbin (albinterferon alfa-2b) looks promising as a treatment for patients with genotypes 2 and 3 hepatitis C. In fact, Human Genome Sciences' monthly treatment appears to be just as effective as Roche Holding's Pegasys (peginterferon alfa-2a), according to Reuters (3/24, Dey).
The AP (3/24) pointed out that the "midstage study was conducted by Novartis, which is developing the drug with Human Genome Sciences. It combined the drug with ribavirin in 391 patients with forms of chronic hepatitis C." Notably, Human Genome "has submitted an application for Zalbin dosed every two weeks to the Food and Drug Administration, which is expected to make a decision this fall."
Saturday, March 27, 2010
Online Networks for Chronic Illness
Chronically ill turn to social networks online.
The New York Times (3/25, B3, Miller) reports that the Pew Internet and American Life Project and the California HealthCare Foundation released a report that found "people fighting chronic illnesses are less likely than others to have Internet access, but once online they are more likely to blog or participate in online discussions about health problems." For those with chronic diseases or disabilities, "the social aspects of the Web take on heightened importance. Particularly if they are homebound, they also look to the Web for their social lives."
The New York Times (3/25, B3, Miller) reports that the Pew Internet and American Life Project and the California HealthCare Foundation released a report that found "people fighting chronic illnesses are less likely than others to have Internet access, but once online they are more likely to blog or participate in online discussions about health problems." For those with chronic diseases or disabilities, "the social aspects of the Web take on heightened importance. Particularly if they are homebound, they also look to the Web for their social lives."
Flu Comparison 1918 and 2009
Studies find remarkable similarities between pandemic flu viruses of 1918, 2009.
The Los Angeles Times (3/24, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported that the elderly are among those who are vulnerable to "flu viruses, so it was something of a shock to find that they were largely spared in the recent waves of pandemic H1N1 influenza." Some in the scientific community "speculated that their apparent resistance to the virus may have arisen because they were exposed to a similar virus in the past and developed some antibodies that protected them." Two new studies have now validated that theory.
Researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Scripps Research Institute found extraordinary similarities between the virus that swept the globe in 1918 and the recent H1N1 strain, according to Reuters (3/25, Fox).
Commenting on the research, AFP (3/25) quotes Anthony Fauci, MD, NIAID's director, as saying, "It gives us a new understanding of how pandemic viruses evolve into seasonal strains, and, importantly, provides direction for developing vaccines to slow or prevent that transformation," he added.
The Los Angeles Times (3/24, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported that the elderly are among those who are vulnerable to "flu viruses, so it was something of a shock to find that they were largely spared in the recent waves of pandemic H1N1 influenza." Some in the scientific community "speculated that their apparent resistance to the virus may have arisen because they were exposed to a similar virus in the past and developed some antibodies that protected them." Two new studies have now validated that theory.
Researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Scripps Research Institute found extraordinary similarities between the virus that swept the globe in 1918 and the recent H1N1 strain, according to Reuters (3/25, Fox).
Commenting on the research, AFP (3/25) quotes Anthony Fauci, MD, NIAID's director, as saying, "It gives us a new understanding of how pandemic viruses evolve into seasonal strains, and, importantly, provides direction for developing vaccines to slow or prevent that transformation," he added.
Cost of Healthcare in Retirement
Cost Of medical expenses in retirement estimated at $250,000.
The AP (3/25, Jewell) reports that, according to a study to be released by Fidelity Investments on Thursday, "a couple retiring this year will need a quarter of a million dollars, on average, to cover medical expenses in retirement." The projection "is up 4.2 percent from" last year, which is less than the past yearly average of 5.7% "because a surge in patent expirations for brand-name drugs meant many cheaper generic versions reached the market." According to the Post, "the findings illustrate the importance of factoring in healthcare alongside housing, food and other expenses in retirement planning." The estimate does not consider new policy due to passage of the healthcare reform legislation, and "doesn't factor in most dental services, or long-term care." Reuters (3/25, Kerber) also covers the story.
The AP (3/25, Jewell) reports that, according to a study to be released by Fidelity Investments on Thursday, "a couple retiring this year will need a quarter of a million dollars, on average, to cover medical expenses in retirement." The projection "is up 4.2 percent from" last year, which is less than the past yearly average of 5.7% "because a surge in patent expirations for brand-name drugs meant many cheaper generic versions reached the market." According to the Post, "the findings illustrate the importance of factoring in healthcare alongside housing, food and other expenses in retirement planning." The estimate does not consider new policy due to passage of the healthcare reform legislation, and "doesn't factor in most dental services, or long-term care." Reuters (3/25, Kerber) also covers the story.
Hip Fractures and Bisphosphonates
New study fails to find clear evidence bisphosphonates cause atypical femoral fractures.
ABC World News (3/24, story 8, 1:40, Sawyer) reported that a study published online March 25 in the New England Journal of Medicine "seems to give the reassurance that long-term use" of osteoporosis drugs "does not raise the risk of a thigh bone breaking."
The New York Times (3/25, A20, Kolata) reports that the study "fails to find clear evidence that bisphosphonates are causing" femoral fractures. In fact, the University of California-San Francisco researchers "report that the thighbone fractures are so rare, even in women taking bisphosphonates for up to 10 years, that it is not clear whether the drugs make them more likely. And, they report, if there is a risk, it is far outweighed by the drugs' clear benefit in preventing fractures of the hip and spine in people with osteoporosis."
To examine the risk of thighbone fractures, "researchers combined results from three large studies involving more than 14,000 women who were given Fosamax [alendronate], Reclast [zoledronic acid], or dummy treatments for three to 10 years," the AP (3/25, Marchione) reports. Altogether, "284 hip and leg fractures occurred, including 12 of the unusual upper-thigh type." While "there was a trend toward more of these unusual fractures among bisphosphonate users...the difference was small enough to have occurred by chance."
MedPage Today (3/24, Gever) reported that in an editorial accompanying the study, endocrinologist Elizabeth Shane, MD, of Columbia University, "urged physicians with concerns about atypical femoral fractures and bisphosphonates to avoid a 'rush to judgment.'" WebMD (3/24, DeNoon) and HealthDay (3/24, Gardner) also covered the story.
ABC World News (3/24, story 8, 1:40, Sawyer) reported that a study published online March 25 in the New England Journal of Medicine "seems to give the reassurance that long-term use" of osteoporosis drugs "does not raise the risk of a thigh bone breaking."
The New York Times (3/25, A20, Kolata) reports that the study "fails to find clear evidence that bisphosphonates are causing" femoral fractures. In fact, the University of California-San Francisco researchers "report that the thighbone fractures are so rare, even in women taking bisphosphonates for up to 10 years, that it is not clear whether the drugs make them more likely. And, they report, if there is a risk, it is far outweighed by the drugs' clear benefit in preventing fractures of the hip and spine in people with osteoporosis."
To examine the risk of thighbone fractures, "researchers combined results from three large studies involving more than 14,000 women who were given Fosamax [alendronate], Reclast [zoledronic acid], or dummy treatments for three to 10 years," the AP (3/25, Marchione) reports. Altogether, "284 hip and leg fractures occurred, including 12 of the unusual upper-thigh type." While "there was a trend toward more of these unusual fractures among bisphosphonate users...the difference was small enough to have occurred by chance."
MedPage Today (3/24, Gever) reported that in an editorial accompanying the study, endocrinologist Elizabeth Shane, MD, of Columbia University, "urged physicians with concerns about atypical femoral fractures and bisphosphonates to avoid a 'rush to judgment.'" WebMD (3/24, DeNoon) and HealthDay (3/24, Gardner) also covered the story.
Dysmenorrhea Drug Update
Experimental drug targets cause of dysmenorrhea.
The Los Angeles Times (3/23, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to research presented March 23 at a chemical society meeting, "a British company," Vantia Ltd., "is attempting to develop a medication designed to target the specific cause of menstrual cramps." In fact, VA111913 is designed to block the hormone vasopressin, which is responsible for causing the uterus to contract. The drug "is now being tested on 100 women in the United Kingdom and three US sites" -- Peoria, AZ; Austin, TX; and Salt Lake City, UT.
And the "results of the studies, which are being conducted by Vantia, are expected later this year," HealthDay (3/23, Preidt) reported. Notably "last year, a stage 1 clinical trial showed that VA111913 was safe." The UK's Daily Mail (3/23, Macrae) and Telegraph (3/23, Alleyne) also covered the story.
The Los Angeles Times (3/23, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to research presented March 23 at a chemical society meeting, "a British company," Vantia Ltd., "is attempting to develop a medication designed to target the specific cause of menstrual cramps." In fact, VA111913 is designed to block the hormone vasopressin, which is responsible for causing the uterus to contract. The drug "is now being tested on 100 women in the United Kingdom and three US sites" -- Peoria, AZ; Austin, TX; and Salt Lake City, UT.
And the "results of the studies, which are being conducted by Vantia, are expected later this year," HealthDay (3/23, Preidt) reported. Notably "last year, a stage 1 clinical trial showed that VA111913 was safe." The UK's Daily Mail (3/23, Macrae) and Telegraph (3/23, Alleyne) also covered the story.
Reducing Cardiovascular Risk During Childhood
Exposure to germs, pathogens during infancy may reduce cardiovascular inflammation in adulthood.
The Chicago Tribune (3/24, Channick) reports, "Analyzing data collected from thousands of children over two decades in the Philippines, researchers have concluded that a healthy dose of germs and pathogens during infancy reduced cardiovascular inflammation in adulthood -- a precursor to heart attacks and strokes." The study's co-author said, "I hope this research will promote some thinking about the potential cost of a zealous public health effort to promote hand washing and hand sanitizer use." The Tribune notes that "with the advent of H1N1 last spring, the CDC urged the use of hand sanitizers and frequent hand washing to curb the potentially dangerous virus."
The Chicago Tribune (3/24, Channick) reports, "Analyzing data collected from thousands of children over two decades in the Philippines, researchers have concluded that a healthy dose of germs and pathogens during infancy reduced cardiovascular inflammation in adulthood -- a precursor to heart attacks and strokes." The study's co-author said, "I hope this research will promote some thinking about the potential cost of a zealous public health effort to promote hand washing and hand sanitizer use." The Tribune notes that "with the advent of H1N1 last spring, the CDC urged the use of hand sanitizers and frequent hand washing to curb the potentially dangerous virus."
High Blood Pressure and Survival in ICU
High blood pressure upon ICU admittance for chest pains linked to better survival odds.
HealthDay (3/23, Edelson) reported that "high blood pressure -- even above the level ordinarily regarded as dangerous -- is a good indicator of long-term survival for people admitted to an intensive care unit because of chest pains that indicate a major heart problem," according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
MedPage Today (3/23, Phend) reported that "chest pain patients admitted to the ICU with a supine systolic blood pressure of 163 mm Hg or higher had an absolute 21.7% lower risk of dying over one year compared with those who presented with an intermediate 128 to 144 mm Hg pressure." The researchers found that "the lowest blood pressure quartile -- who came in with roughly normal pressure of less than 128 mm Hg -- carried a 40.3% higher mortality risk than that intermediate group."
HealthDay (3/23, Edelson) reported that "high blood pressure -- even above the level ordinarily regarded as dangerous -- is a good indicator of long-term survival for people admitted to an intensive care unit because of chest pains that indicate a major heart problem," according to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
MedPage Today (3/23, Phend) reported that "chest pain patients admitted to the ICU with a supine systolic blood pressure of 163 mm Hg or higher had an absolute 21.7% lower risk of dying over one year compared with those who presented with an intermediate 128 to 144 mm Hg pressure." The researchers found that "the lowest blood pressure quartile -- who came in with roughly normal pressure of less than 128 mm Hg -- carried a 40.3% higher mortality risk than that intermediate group."
Drug Dispensing in Nursing Homes
Senate hearing to examine crackdown on dispensing drugs in nursing homes.
The New York Times (3/24, B2, Wilson) reports that the Senate Special Committee on Aging "will hear complaints on Wednesday from nursing home operators, doctors, nurses and pharmacists that a Drug Enforcement Administration narcotics crackdown has left seriously ill patients crying for pain relief" by "upend[ing] many years of practice in which the government informally allowed nurses to speed the process by taking doctors' orders orally, or from medical charts, and passing them along to pharmacies, similar to the procedures used in hospitals." The groups argue that this has left nursing home residents in pain for hours or even days. However, the DEA responds that "it is merely enforcing the law that requires pharmacies to wait for prescriptions that are signed by physicians,"
The Wall Street Journal (3/24, Pérez) reports that Sen. Herb Kohl (D-WI) said in a statement, "Vulnerable patients have at times been left to languish in pain." However, in a letter to lawmakers in December, Assistant Attorney General Ronald Weich said that the prior arrangement "trivialize[s] the doctor-patient relationship and weaken[s] the quality of care for the frail and infirm," citing times that nurses faxed or called in prescriptions without a doctor's knowledge.
The New York Times (3/24, B2, Wilson) reports that the Senate Special Committee on Aging "will hear complaints on Wednesday from nursing home operators, doctors, nurses and pharmacists that a Drug Enforcement Administration narcotics crackdown has left seriously ill patients crying for pain relief" by "upend[ing] many years of practice in which the government informally allowed nurses to speed the process by taking doctors' orders orally, or from medical charts, and passing them along to pharmacies, similar to the procedures used in hospitals." The groups argue that this has left nursing home residents in pain for hours or even days. However, the DEA responds that "it is merely enforcing the law that requires pharmacies to wait for prescriptions that are signed by physicians,"
The Wall Street Journal (3/24, Pérez) reports that Sen. Herb Kohl (D-WI) said in a statement, "Vulnerable patients have at times been left to languish in pain." However, in a letter to lawmakers in December, Assistant Attorney General Ronald Weich said that the prior arrangement "trivialize[s] the doctor-patient relationship and weaken[s] the quality of care for the frail and infirm," citing times that nurses faxed or called in prescriptions without a doctor's knowledge.
An Hour of Exercise for Women
Women may need at least an hour of exercise daily to avoid weight gain.
NBC Nightly News (3/23, story 8, 2:15, Williams) reported, "A major newstudy " published in the Journal of the American Medical Association "found that without making changes in diet, women need a lot of exercise just to keep their weight stable."
The AP (3/23, Tanner) reports that investigators found that "at least an hour of moderate activity a day is needed for older women at a healthy weight who aren't dieting," and overweight women require "even more exercise...to avoid gaining weight without eating less." The researchers "said it's uncertain whether the results would apply to men." As they age, people often put on weight. This is "partly because their metabolism slows down," but the study's lead author said that it "probably" has more to do with "people's natural tendency to become more sedentary, without changing their eating habits."
The Los Angeles Times (3/24, Roan) reports that "the issue of how much exercise is required to maintain a normal weight is far from settled," with other exercise experts saying "that an average of 35 minutes a day, seven days a week, is probably sufficient."
The Boston Globe (3/24, Cooney) reports, "Lee doesn't want people to give up on exercise, even if they can't do an hour a day," calling it "the best thing you can do for your health." USA Today (3/24, Hellmich) reports that Lee "emphasizes that it's possible to get the health benefits of physical activity, such as lowering the risk of heart disease, some types of cancers and type 2 diabetes, by following the government guidelines and doing at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week."
The Wall Street Journal (3/24, Dooren), Bloomberg News (3/23, Ostrow), Reuters (3/23, Steenhuysen), HealthDay (3/23, Gardner), WebMD (3/23, Doheny), Medscape (3/23, Barclay), and MedPage Today (3/23, Fiore) also cover this story.
NBC Nightly News (3/23, story 8, 2:15, Williams) reported, "A major newstudy " published in the Journal of the American Medical Association "found that without making changes in diet, women need a lot of exercise just to keep their weight stable."
The AP (3/23, Tanner) reports that investigators found that "at least an hour of moderate activity a day is needed for older women at a healthy weight who aren't dieting," and overweight women require "even more exercise...to avoid gaining weight without eating less." The researchers "said it's uncertain whether the results would apply to men." As they age, people often put on weight. This is "partly because their metabolism slows down," but the study's lead author said that it "probably" has more to do with "people's natural tendency to become more sedentary, without changing their eating habits."
The Los Angeles Times (3/24, Roan) reports that "the issue of how much exercise is required to maintain a normal weight is far from settled," with other exercise experts saying "that an average of 35 minutes a day, seven days a week, is probably sufficient."
The Boston Globe (3/24, Cooney) reports, "Lee doesn't want people to give up on exercise, even if they can't do an hour a day," calling it "the best thing you can do for your health." USA Today (3/24, Hellmich) reports that Lee "emphasizes that it's possible to get the health benefits of physical activity, such as lowering the risk of heart disease, some types of cancers and type 2 diabetes, by following the government guidelines and doing at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week."
The Wall Street Journal (3/24, Dooren), Bloomberg News (3/23, Ostrow), Reuters (3/23, Steenhuysen), HealthDay (3/23, Gardner), WebMD (3/23, Doheny), Medscape (3/23, Barclay), and MedPage Today (3/23, Fiore) also cover this story.
Plavix Update
Plavix may reduce death risk in patients with certain heart conditions.
HealthDay (3/22, Preidt) reported that "Plavix [clopidogrel] is of modest benefit in cutting the odds of death in patients with heart failure and heart attack who don't undergo angioplasty," according to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. In the study, "there were 812 deaths (32.2 percent) among heart failure patients not treated with Plavix and 709 deaths (28.1 percent) among heart failure patients treated with Plavix." The researchers also found that "there were 294 deaths (9.7 percent) among non-heart-failure patients not treated with Plavix and 285 deaths (9.4 percent) among non-heart failure patients who were given the drug." Reuters (3/23, Kelland) also covers the story.
HealthDay (3/22, Preidt) reported that "Plavix [clopidogrel] is of modest benefit in cutting the odds of death in patients with heart failure and heart attack who don't undergo angioplasty," according to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. In the study, "there were 812 deaths (32.2 percent) among heart failure patients not treated with Plavix and 709 deaths (28.1 percent) among heart failure patients treated with Plavix." The researchers also found that "there were 294 deaths (9.7 percent) among non-heart-failure patients not treated with Plavix and 285 deaths (9.4 percent) among non-heart failure patients who were given the drug." Reuters (3/23, Kelland) also covers the story.
Babies and Vitamin D
Most babies should take vitamin D supplement, study indicates.
USA Today (3/23) reports that, according to a study published online March 22 in the journal Pediatrics, "most babies should take a daily vitamin D supplement." In fact, "only 1% to 13% of infants under one year now get a vitamin D supplement, available in inexpensive drops." The study said "those drops are needed...because only 5% to 37% of American infants met the standard for vitamin D set by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2008: 400 international units a day."
"CDC researchers analyzed data from a nationwide survey of infant feeding practices conducted between 2005 and 2007 to estimate how many babies were getting enough vitamin D in their diets during their first year of life," WebMD (3/22, Boyles) reported. The team found that "exclusively breastfed babies got the least vitamin D in their diets, followed by babies who drank both breast milk and formula. Babies who were exclusively formula-fed got the most vitamin D," but only about a third of those drank enough formula (approximately a liter) to get the amount of vitamin D recommended by the AAP.
USA Today (3/23) reports that, according to a study published online March 22 in the journal Pediatrics, "most babies should take a daily vitamin D supplement." In fact, "only 1% to 13% of infants under one year now get a vitamin D supplement, available in inexpensive drops." The study said "those drops are needed...because only 5% to 37% of American infants met the standard for vitamin D set by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2008: 400 international units a day."
"CDC researchers analyzed data from a nationwide survey of infant feeding practices conducted between 2005 and 2007 to estimate how many babies were getting enough vitamin D in their diets during their first year of life," WebMD (3/22, Boyles) reported. The team found that "exclusively breastfed babies got the least vitamin D in their diets, followed by babies who drank both breast milk and formula. Babies who were exclusively formula-fed got the most vitamin D," but only about a third of those drank enough formula (approximately a liter) to get the amount of vitamin D recommended by the AAP.
Alcohol and Heart Disease
Light to moderate alcohol intake may be good for the heart.
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reports that new research published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology lends "credence to the idea that light to moderate alcohol intake appears to be good for the heart." In one report, investigators "analyzed eight studies encompassing 16,351 people with a history of heart disease." The researchers "found that those consuming five to 10 grams of alcohol per day (about one-half to one drink) had the lowest incidence of death from heart disease and all causes of death."
WebMD (3/22, Warner) reported that in a second study, researchers found "that light-to-moderate drinking -- about one drink per day for women and two per day for men -- reduced the risk of heart-related death in a diverse national sample of more than 245,000 adults." HealthDay (3/22, Edelson) also covered the story.
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reports that new research published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology lends "credence to the idea that light to moderate alcohol intake appears to be good for the heart." In one report, investigators "analyzed eight studies encompassing 16,351 people with a history of heart disease." The researchers "found that those consuming five to 10 grams of alcohol per day (about one-half to one drink) had the lowest incidence of death from heart disease and all causes of death."
WebMD (3/22, Warner) reported that in a second study, researchers found "that light-to-moderate drinking -- about one drink per day for women and two per day for men -- reduced the risk of heart-related death in a diverse national sample of more than 245,000 adults." HealthDay (3/22, Edelson) also covered the story.
Infertile Men and Prostate Cancer
Infertile men may be 2.6 times more likely to develop high-grade prostate cancer.
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported, "Previous studies have looked at the relationship between prostate cancer and the number of children a man has, but they have produced differing results." For example, there were those that "suggested that fatherhood was protective, while others suggested that it increased risk." But, "because the number of children a man has may not be an accurate reflector of his fertility, Dr. Thomas J. Walsh, of the University of Washington School of Medicine, and his colleagues decided to study men who had been evaluated for infertility."
They turned to data on some 22,000 California residents who had been evaluated between 1967 and 1998, according to Reuters (3/33, Joelving). "Incidence of prostate cancer observed in the cohort was divided by the number expected for the general population," MedWire (3/22, Guy) reported. "A total of 4,548 men with male factor infertility were identified, among whom 168 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer." In short, "after multivariate analysis controlling for age, duration of infertility treatment, and infertility treatment facility, infertile men were 2.6 times more likely to develop high-grade disease, compared with men in the general population."
There may be "several possible explanations for the relationship, none of them as yet proven," HealthDay (3/22, Edelson) reported. Walsh explained, "There could be underlying genetic abnormalities on the male chromosome." He added, "Also, these men may have a deficit in their ability to repair DNA; there is some evidence that this may be the underlying cause." But, according to the paper in Cancer, "there are indications that the increased risk may be related in some way to male hormones."
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported, "Previous studies have looked at the relationship between prostate cancer and the number of children a man has, but they have produced differing results." For example, there were those that "suggested that fatherhood was protective, while others suggested that it increased risk." But, "because the number of children a man has may not be an accurate reflector of his fertility, Dr. Thomas J. Walsh, of the University of Washington School of Medicine, and his colleagues decided to study men who had been evaluated for infertility."
They turned to data on some 22,000 California residents who had been evaluated between 1967 and 1998, according to Reuters (3/33, Joelving). "Incidence of prostate cancer observed in the cohort was divided by the number expected for the general population," MedWire (3/22, Guy) reported. "A total of 4,548 men with male factor infertility were identified, among whom 168 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer." In short, "after multivariate analysis controlling for age, duration of infertility treatment, and infertility treatment facility, infertile men were 2.6 times more likely to develop high-grade disease, compared with men in the general population."
There may be "several possible explanations for the relationship, none of them as yet proven," HealthDay (3/22, Edelson) reported. Walsh explained, "There could be underlying genetic abnormalities on the male chromosome." He added, "Also, these men may have a deficit in their ability to repair DNA; there is some evidence that this may be the underlying cause." But, according to the paper in Cancer, "there are indications that the increased risk may be related in some way to male hormones."
Medical ID Theft
Medical ID theft on the rise, say experts.
Bloomberg News (3/23, Collins) reports, "There were more than 275,000 cases in the US last year of medical information theft, twice the number in 2008, according to Javelin Strategy & Research, a Pleasanton, California-based market research firm. The average fraud cost $12,100, Javelin said." The rise is attributed to the growing use of electronic medical records, though "insurers are improving technology to spot false claims, said Tom McGraw, a senior vice president at Ingenix," a UnitedHealth Group subsidiary. The government is also "considering new regulations to enhance privacy and security of health information, said David Blumenthal," HHS' national coordinator for Health Information Technology.
Bloomberg News (3/23, Collins) reports, "There were more than 275,000 cases in the US last year of medical information theft, twice the number in 2008, according to Javelin Strategy & Research, a Pleasanton, California-based market research firm. The average fraud cost $12,100, Javelin said." The rise is attributed to the growing use of electronic medical records, though "insurers are improving technology to spot false claims, said Tom McGraw, a senior vice president at Ingenix," a UnitedHealth Group subsidiary. The government is also "considering new regulations to enhance privacy and security of health information, said David Blumenthal," HHS' national coordinator for Health Information Technology.
Statin Muscle Damage Update
FDA says highest available dose of Zocor may cause muscle damage.
The AP (3/19) reported that the FDA "said Friday the highest available dose of Zocor [simvastatin]...can cause muscle damage as well as severe and potentially lethal kidney damage."
Reuters (3/20) reported that the FDA, in a statement, said, "Although muscle injury ... is a known side effect with all statins, the warning highlights the greater risk of developing muscle injury, including rhabdomyolysis, for patients when they are prescribed and use higher doses of this drug."
The Los Angeles Times (3/19, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported that "the risk is highest in patients of Chinese descent and is also high when Zocor...is combined with certain other medications, including amiodarone, niacin, and diltiazem." One study "comparing 6,031 patients taking 80 mg daily with 6,033 patients taking 20 mg. found 52 cases of myopathy in the 80-mg group and only one in the 20-mg group."
The AP (3/19) reported that the FDA "said Friday the highest available dose of Zocor [simvastatin]...can cause muscle damage as well as severe and potentially lethal kidney damage."
Reuters (3/20) reported that the FDA, in a statement, said, "Although muscle injury ... is a known side effect with all statins, the warning highlights the greater risk of developing muscle injury, including rhabdomyolysis, for patients when they are prescribed and use higher doses of this drug."
The Los Angeles Times (3/19, Maugh) "Booster Shots" blog reported that "the risk is highest in patients of Chinese descent and is also high when Zocor...is combined with certain other medications, including amiodarone, niacin, and diltiazem." One study "comparing 6,031 patients taking 80 mg daily with 6,033 patients taking 20 mg. found 52 cases of myopathy in the 80-mg group and only one in the 20-mg group."
Home Testing Safety
FDA recommendations aim to safeguard patients using home medical tests.
The Chicago Tribune (3/21, Asa) reported that "home medical test sales increased from $736 million in 1989 to $4.5 billion in 2008," with "pregnancy and diabetes tests" making "up about 80 percent of the...market," while the remaining percentage was comprised of newer tests for "cortisol (depression assessment), prostate screening, sexually transmitted infections...hormones," cholesterol levels "and fecal occult blood, which checks for some intestinal conditions and colorectal cancer." But, while "this home-test trend...encourages consumers to take ownership of their health," experts say "the downside is that consumers may act" on "results without involving their physicians." Accordingly, the FDA "recommends knowing exactly what the test is for, how to store it properly before use, how to store and collect the sample, when and how to conduct the test, how to interpret the results, and involving the manufacturer when there are concerns and questions."
The Chicago Tribune (3/21, Asa) reported that "home medical test sales increased from $736 million in 1989 to $4.5 billion in 2008," with "pregnancy and diabetes tests" making "up about 80 percent of the...market," while the remaining percentage was comprised of newer tests for "cortisol (depression assessment), prostate screening, sexually transmitted infections...hormones," cholesterol levels "and fecal occult blood, which checks for some intestinal conditions and colorectal cancer." But, while "this home-test trend...encourages consumers to take ownership of their health," experts say "the downside is that consumers may act" on "results without involving their physicians." Accordingly, the FDA "recommends knowing exactly what the test is for, how to store it properly before use, how to store and collect the sample, when and how to conduct the test, how to interpret the results, and involving the manufacturer when there are concerns and questions."
CDC Releases TB Update
CDC data indicate decline in US TB rate; WHO releases data on drug-resistant strains.
The Los Angeles Times (3/21, Maugh) reported, "The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said last week that TB prevalence in this country dropped 11.8% last year, the largest yearly decline since the government began monitoring the disease in 1953." That very same day, "the World Health Organization reported that an estimated 440,000 people worldwide had multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in 2008, and a third of them died." Altogether, "there were 9.4 million new TB cases in 2008 and 1.8 million deaths, so the drug-resistant strains are a relatively small problem." Now, however, "experts fear they will displace conventional strains of the TB mycobacterium, complicating treatment."
The Los Angeles Times (3/21, Maugh) reported, "The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said last week that TB prevalence in this country dropped 11.8% last year, the largest yearly decline since the government began monitoring the disease in 1953." That very same day, "the World Health Organization reported that an estimated 440,000 people worldwide had multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in 2008, and a third of them died." Altogether, "there were 9.4 million new TB cases in 2008 and 1.8 million deaths, so the drug-resistant strains are a relatively small problem." Now, however, "experts fear they will displace conventional strains of the TB mycobacterium, complicating treatment."
Meet the 'Breathmobile'
Breathmobile program caters to patients with allergies, asthma living in underserved areas.
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Kritz) reported, "The California chapter of the Allergy and Asthma Foundation launched" a "project at USC in 1995 in an attempt to better control asthma in underserved areas," and now the Breathmobile program "has expanded within California as well as into Alabama, Arizona, and Maryland." The rolling clinics offer free "diagnosis and treatment of" allergies and asthma; "bills for treatment are sent to insurers if patients have insurance, but no bill is sent to the family if the insurer does not cover the charges." And, "for families with prescription drug insurance, physicians try hard to prescribe drugs covered by the insurer; families may have to pay a co-pay of $10 to $20 or more."
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Kritz) reported, "The California chapter of the Allergy and Asthma Foundation launched" a "project at USC in 1995 in an attempt to better control asthma in underserved areas," and now the Breathmobile program "has expanded within California as well as into Alabama, Arizona, and Maryland." The rolling clinics offer free "diagnosis and treatment of" allergies and asthma; "bills for treatment are sent to insurers if patients have insurance, but no bill is sent to the family if the insurer does not cover the charges." And, "for families with prescription drug insurance, physicians try hard to prescribe drugs covered by the insurer; families may have to pay a co-pay of $10 to $20 or more."
Who is in Your Emergency Department?
ED "frequent fliers" tend to be white, insured, and sicker, data indicate.
The Los Angeles Times (3/19, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to a meta-analysis of 25 studies published in the Annals of Emergency Medicine, the "regular visitors to the emergency department are predominantly white, have insurance, and tend to be sicker than most patients who visit the" ED "less often." Yet, "African Americans and women are disproportionately represented in the group with heaviest use of the ED, and patients who are insured by Medicare or Medicaid represent 60% of the ED's frequent fliers." Still, the authors contend, "efforts, including a recent one in California, to restrict use of the ED by the uninsured and those who are not urgently sick will save little," but "bigger savings...could come from diverting patients with chronic illnesses from frequent ED use."
The Los Angeles Times (3/19, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to a meta-analysis of 25 studies published in the Annals of Emergency Medicine, the "regular visitors to the emergency department are predominantly white, have insurance, and tend to be sicker than most patients who visit the" ED "less often." Yet, "African Americans and women are disproportionately represented in the group with heaviest use of the ED, and patients who are insured by Medicare or Medicaid represent 60% of the ED's frequent fliers." Still, the authors contend, "efforts, including a recent one in California, to restrict use of the ED by the uninsured and those who are not urgently sick will save little," but "bigger savings...could come from diverting patients with chronic illnesses from frequent ED use."
New Stethoscope Invention
Physician invents stethoscope cover to help fight infections.
The Boston Globe (3/21, Kueter) reported that physician Richard Ma, MD, has invented the Stethguard, a "necktie-shaped plastic sheath" that "slides up the scope's neckpiece" to help combat hospital-acquired infections. Should the invention work, it may save money and lives, as evidenced by the fact that "by late 2008, approximately $15,300 more per patient was spent to battle the infections, according to the US Department of Health and Human Services. Of the 1.7 million Americans who contract infections in hospitals each year, about 100,000 die from them, according to the department."
The Boston Globe (3/21, Kueter) reported that physician Richard Ma, MD, has invented the Stethguard, a "necktie-shaped plastic sheath" that "slides up the scope's neckpiece" to help combat hospital-acquired infections. Should the invention work, it may save money and lives, as evidenced by the fact that "by late 2008, approximately $15,300 more per patient was spent to battle the infections, according to the US Department of Health and Human Services. Of the 1.7 million Americans who contract infections in hospitals each year, about 100,000 die from them, according to the department."
Healthcare Reform Update
House passes healthcare reform measure by 219-212 tally.
In what media reports and analyses are casting as a historic development and a major win for President Obama, the House Sunday night passed the Senate-approved healthcare reform measure by 219-212. The AP (3/22) notes that after passing the bill, the House proceeded to approve "key changes" to it, "part of a prearranged agreement to guarantee passage of the historic legislation. The changes passed by a 220-211 vote. That bill now goes to the Senate for final approval, where it only requires a simple majority to pass."
Most stories are describing the bill in largely favorable terms -- and the vote as a triumph of the political system as a whole. The vote, reports USA Today (3/22, Wolf, Fritze), "assured that about 32 million Americans will gain health insurance coverage, and millions more will win protections against losing theirs." The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Levey, Hook, Silva, Muskal) reports that "House Democratic leaders proved they could hold the majority caucus together," though "thirty-four Democrats opposed the bill, as did all Republicans."
It was, Bloomberg News (3/22, Litvan, Rowley, Jensen) notes, "the most sweeping US healthcare legislation in four decades," and "the biggest victory yet for...Obama."
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Nicholas) reports, "Rarely does a president bet everything on a single card, but...Obama did it on healthcare," and "what became clear in the...debate is that Obama is a president with a combative stubbornness, one that was not often visible in his cool, above-the-fray public demeanor."
In a front-page story, the New York Times (3/22, A1, Pear, Herszenhorn) notes that "Democrats hailed the vote as historic, comparable to the establishment of Medicare and Social Security and a long overdue step forward in social justice."
In a front-page analysis titled "A Major Victory, But At What Cost?", the New York Times (3/22, A1, Sanger) says that "Obama is now assured, whatever the ultimate cost, of going down in history as one of the handful of presidents who found a way to reshape the nation's social welfare system," and has "proved that he is willing to fight for something that moved him to his core."
The Washington Post (3/22, Branigin, Murray, Kane) reports, "After 9 1/2 hours of often contentious floor debate, parliamentary maneuvers and procedural votes, the House reached a major milestone in Obama's year-long effort to overhaul the nation's $2.5 trillion healthcare system."
In what media reports and analyses are casting as a historic development and a major win for President Obama, the House Sunday night passed the Senate-approved healthcare reform measure by 219-212. The AP (3/22) notes that after passing the bill, the House proceeded to approve "key changes" to it, "part of a prearranged agreement to guarantee passage of the historic legislation. The changes passed by a 220-211 vote. That bill now goes to the Senate for final approval, where it only requires a simple majority to pass."
Most stories are describing the bill in largely favorable terms -- and the vote as a triumph of the political system as a whole. The vote, reports USA Today (3/22, Wolf, Fritze), "assured that about 32 million Americans will gain health insurance coverage, and millions more will win protections against losing theirs." The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Levey, Hook, Silva, Muskal) reports that "House Democratic leaders proved they could hold the majority caucus together," though "thirty-four Democrats opposed the bill, as did all Republicans."
It was, Bloomberg News (3/22, Litvan, Rowley, Jensen) notes, "the most sweeping US healthcare legislation in four decades," and "the biggest victory yet for...Obama."
The Los Angeles Times (3/22, Nicholas) reports, "Rarely does a president bet everything on a single card, but...Obama did it on healthcare," and "what became clear in the...debate is that Obama is a president with a combative stubbornness, one that was not often visible in his cool, above-the-fray public demeanor."
In a front-page story, the New York Times (3/22, A1, Pear, Herszenhorn) notes that "Democrats hailed the vote as historic, comparable to the establishment of Medicare and Social Security and a long overdue step forward in social justice."
In a front-page analysis titled "A Major Victory, But At What Cost?", the New York Times (3/22, A1, Sanger) says that "Obama is now assured, whatever the ultimate cost, of going down in history as one of the handful of presidents who found a way to reshape the nation's social welfare system," and has "proved that he is willing to fight for something that moved him to his core."
The Washington Post (3/22, Branigin, Murray, Kane) reports, "After 9 1/2 hours of often contentious floor debate, parliamentary maneuvers and procedural votes, the House reached a major milestone in Obama's year-long effort to overhaul the nation's $2.5 trillion healthcare system."
Fatty Liver and Fructose Beverages
Fructose beverages may spur fatty liver disease progression.
The Los Angeles Times (3/18, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to a paper published in Hepatology, "for those with nonalcoholic fatty liver, drinking a lot of beverages sweetened with fructose may do the same thing as liquor," that is, spur disease progression. In fact, "compared to subjects who drank the least fructose beverages, those who drank the most were significantly more likely to have the hepatic scarring that will more often progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer." Duke researchers also found that "older subjects who regularly consumed fructose beverages showed more signs of liver inflammation."
The Los Angeles Times (3/18, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported that, according to a paper published in Hepatology, "for those with nonalcoholic fatty liver, drinking a lot of beverages sweetened with fructose may do the same thing as liquor," that is, spur disease progression. In fact, "compared to subjects who drank the least fructose beverages, those who drank the most were significantly more likely to have the hepatic scarring that will more often progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer." Duke researchers also found that "older subjects who regularly consumed fructose beverages showed more signs of liver inflammation."
Obese Children in the News
Growing number of children now extremely obese.
NBC Nightly News (3/18, story 8, 2:40, Curry) reported, "Startling new numbers tonight on childhood obesity in this country: A Kaiser Permanente study of children ages two through 19 shows a large number are now considered extremely obese and may face a shorter life span than their parents."
The Los Angeles Times (3/18, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reported that the study of Southern California children published online Mar. 18 in the Journal of Pediatrics found that "extreme obesity is not a rare occurrence." Researchers found in their survey of some "710,000 children" that "7.3% of boys and 5.5% of girls were extremely obese," that is, "having a body mass index of more than 35."
According to HealthDay (3/18, Reinberg), "The news is even worse for black and Hispanic kids: Among black teenage girls, 11.9 percent were classified as extremely obese, as were 11.2 percent of Hispanic teenage boys." In comparison, "the least extremely obese were Asian-Pacific Islanders and white children, the researchers found."
Study lead author Corinna Koebnick, PhD, pointed out that the study is the first "using the new CDC definition of extreme obesity," WebMD (3/18, Doheny) reported. "Overweight is defined as the 85th or higher percentile on the growth charts, according to guidelines from the CDC." While "obese is defined as the 95th percentile or higher," the CDC defines extreme obesity "'as 120% of the 95th percentile for weight for age and sex,' Koebnick says."
Focusing on the public health implications of extreme childhood obesity, Medscape (3/18, Larson) quoted Koebnick, who said in a press release, "Without major lifestyle changes, these kids face a 10 to 20 years shorter life span and will develop health problems in their twenties that we typically see in 40-60 year olds." The Time (3/18, O'Callaghan) "Wellness" blog also covered the story.
NBC Nightly News (3/18, story 8, 2:40, Curry) reported, "Startling new numbers tonight on childhood obesity in this country: A Kaiser Permanente study of children ages two through 19 shows a large number are now considered extremely obese and may face a shorter life span than their parents."
The Los Angeles Times (3/18, Roan) "Booster Shots" blog reported that the study of Southern California children published online Mar. 18 in the Journal of Pediatrics found that "extreme obesity is not a rare occurrence." Researchers found in their survey of some "710,000 children" that "7.3% of boys and 5.5% of girls were extremely obese," that is, "having a body mass index of more than 35."
According to HealthDay (3/18, Reinberg), "The news is even worse for black and Hispanic kids: Among black teenage girls, 11.9 percent were classified as extremely obese, as were 11.2 percent of Hispanic teenage boys." In comparison, "the least extremely obese were Asian-Pacific Islanders and white children, the researchers found."
Study lead author Corinna Koebnick, PhD, pointed out that the study is the first "using the new CDC definition of extreme obesity," WebMD (3/18, Doheny) reported. "Overweight is defined as the 85th or higher percentile on the growth charts, according to guidelines from the CDC." While "obese is defined as the 95th percentile or higher," the CDC defines extreme obesity "'as 120% of the 95th percentile for weight for age and sex,' Koebnick says."
Focusing on the public health implications of extreme childhood obesity, Medscape (3/18, Larson) quoted Koebnick, who said in a press release, "Without major lifestyle changes, these kids face a 10 to 20 years shorter life span and will develop health problems in their twenties that we typically see in 40-60 year olds." The Time (3/18, O'Callaghan) "Wellness" blog also covered the story.
Painkillers in the Military
Webb, US military concerned about painkiller abuse.
USA Today (3/17, Zoroya) reports, "The military is trying to curb the volume of narcotics given to troops as the number of prescriptions for painkillers and instances of drug abuse continue to soar, according to Pentagon data and recent congressional testimony." Last year, military physicians "wrote almost 3.8 million prescriptions for pain relief for servicemembers," an amount "more than four times the 866,773 doses handed out in 2001, according to data from the Pentagon health office." After noting that US Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA) "intends to look into the issue next week during a Senate subcommittee hearing that he will chair," USA Today adds, "Military officials and analysts say the increase in the use of narcotic pain medication reflects the continuing toll on...troops" in Iraq and Afghanistan.
USA Today (3/17, Zoroya) reports, "The military is trying to curb the volume of narcotics given to troops as the number of prescriptions for painkillers and instances of drug abuse continue to soar, according to Pentagon data and recent congressional testimony." Last year, military physicians "wrote almost 3.8 million prescriptions for pain relief for servicemembers," an amount "more than four times the 866,773 doses handed out in 2001, according to data from the Pentagon health office." After noting that US Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA) "intends to look into the issue next week during a Senate subcommittee hearing that he will chair," USA Today adds, "Military officials and analysts say the increase in the use of narcotic pain medication reflects the continuing toll on...troops" in Iraq and Afghanistan.
American Lifestyle Trends
Survey finds many Americans drink, smoke, and don't exercise.
USA Today (3/17, Hellmich) reports that, according to data from "the National Health Interview Survey, based on telephone interviews with 79,000 adults over three years," the US "is not a nation of teetotalers or regular exercisers." In fact, "61% of people in the USA drink alcohol," while "31% of people do enough regular leisure-time physical activity to get health benefits -- that is, moderate exercise for 30 minutes five times a week or vigorous activity for 20 minutes three times a week." Health statistician Charlotte Schoenborn, of the National Center for Health Statistics, said, "There has been no progress at all in increasing physical activity since we started doing this report in 1997."
"Overall, researchers say that since 1997, rates of cigarette smoking have declined by several percentage points, rates of obesity have climbed, and rates of alcohol use, exercise, and sleep have remained relatively unchanged," WebMD (3/16, Warner) reported. The survey also found that "one in five adults were smokers," while "six in 10 adults were obese or overweight," and "three in 10 adults averaged six hours of sleep or fewer per night."
USA Today (3/17, Hellmich) reports that, according to data from "the National Health Interview Survey, based on telephone interviews with 79,000 adults over three years," the US "is not a nation of teetotalers or regular exercisers." In fact, "61% of people in the USA drink alcohol," while "31% of people do enough regular leisure-time physical activity to get health benefits -- that is, moderate exercise for 30 minutes five times a week or vigorous activity for 20 minutes three times a week." Health statistician Charlotte Schoenborn, of the National Center for Health Statistics, said, "There has been no progress at all in increasing physical activity since we started doing this report in 1997."
"Overall, researchers say that since 1997, rates of cigarette smoking have declined by several percentage points, rates of obesity have climbed, and rates of alcohol use, exercise, and sleep have remained relatively unchanged," WebMD (3/16, Warner) reported. The survey also found that "one in five adults were smokers," while "six in 10 adults were obese or overweight," and "three in 10 adults averaged six hours of sleep or fewer per night."
New Hearing Aid
Hearing aid with no externally visible components receives FDA approval.
The Los Angeles Times (3/17, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported, "For several decades, people with hearing loss due to noise, viral infections or aging have had hearing aids to help maintain an aural tie to the world." Now, after a receiving approval from the FDA, "these patients will" have access to "a surgically implantable hearing system called Esteem." What's more, the "new device is considered to be the first hearing aid that has no externally visible components."
The Los Angeles Times (3/17, Healy) "Booster Shots" blog reported, "For several decades, people with hearing loss due to noise, viral infections or aging have had hearing aids to help maintain an aural tie to the world." Now, after a receiving approval from the FDA, "these patients will" have access to "a surgically implantable hearing system called Esteem." What's more, the "new device is considered to be the first hearing aid that has no externally visible components."
Blood Pressure and Lonliness
Loneliness may affect blood pressure.
The Los Angeles Times (3/17, Stein) "Booster Shots" blog reported that loneliness may "affect blood pressure," according to a study appearing in the March issue of Psychology and Aging. "Researchers surveyed 229 people ages 50 to 68 who were part of the Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study, a longitudinal study of white, black and Latino men and women." After five years, "researchers noted an association between feelings of loneliness and high blood pressure. People who ranked as feeling most lonely had blood pressure levels 14.4 points higher than those who felt least lonely."
The Los Angeles Times (3/17, Stein) "Booster Shots" blog reported that loneliness may "affect blood pressure," according to a study appearing in the March issue of Psychology and Aging. "Researchers surveyed 229 people ages 50 to 68 who were part of the Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study, a longitudinal study of white, black and Latino men and women." After five years, "researchers noted an association between feelings of loneliness and high blood pressure. People who ranked as feeling most lonely had blood pressure levels 14.4 points higher than those who felt least lonely."
Wednesday, March 17, 2010
Weight Loss in Primary Care
Many physicians say they lack staff to help patients with weight loss.
USA Today (3/16, Hellmich) reports that many physicians "say they don't have staff able to help patients with weight loss, according to a survey of 290 primary-care physicians by Harris Interactive." The study showed that "89% of doctors believe it's their responsibility to help patients lose weight." But, "72% say no one in their office has been trained to deal with weight problems," while only "45% say they regularly discuss weight with their patients." Christine Ferguson, director of the STOP Obesity Alliance, a coalition of professional groups, businesses, unions, insurers, and healthcare providers, said that "bigger medical groups ought to have health professionals on staff who are trained in treating obesity."
USA Today (3/16, Hellmich) reports that many physicians "say they don't have staff able to help patients with weight loss, according to a survey of 290 primary-care physicians by Harris Interactive." The study showed that "89% of doctors believe it's their responsibility to help patients lose weight." But, "72% say no one in their office has been trained to deal with weight problems," while only "45% say they regularly discuss weight with their patients." Christine Ferguson, director of the STOP Obesity Alliance, a coalition of professional groups, businesses, unions, insurers, and healthcare providers, said that "bigger medical groups ought to have health professionals on staff who are trained in treating obesity."
Post Traumatic Stress Reduction
Researchers explore new methods of altering traumatic memories.
On the front of its Personal Journal section, the Wall Street Journal (3/16, D1, Wang) reports in its Lab Journal that new methods of altering traumatic memories may someday help people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias. The hypertension drug propranolol is being tested in trauma victims and war veterans to reduce PTSD-related fear. Other researchers are exploring new methods of behavioral therapy to help people unlearn the fear associated with certain traumatic memories.
On the front of its Personal Journal section, the Wall Street Journal (3/16, D1, Wang) reports in its Lab Journal that new methods of altering traumatic memories may someday help people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias. The hypertension drug propranolol is being tested in trauma victims and war veterans to reduce PTSD-related fear. Other researchers are exploring new methods of behavioral therapy to help people unlearn the fear associated with certain traumatic memories.
Asprin and Diabetes
Salsalate may help type 2 diabetes management.
The New York Times (3/16, D5, Rabin) reports that salsalate, an "inexpensive, generic anti-inflammatory drug from the aspirin family, helped patients in a clinical trial manage their type 2 diabetes and lower their blood sugar, adding to evidence that inflammation plays a role in diabetes, and possibly pointing to new therapeutic approaches to the disease." Patients in the "randomized clinical trial led by researchers at the Joslin Diabetes Center improved their blood sugar levels after three months, with those taking the highest dose lowering their hemoglobin A1C scores by 0.5 percent on average," as well as lowered their triglycerides. "Even more importantly, the work may help unravel the root causes of diabetes, said Dr. Steven E. Shoelson, the paper's senior author and head of Joslin's research section on pathophysiology and molecular pharmacology."
WebMD (3/15, Warner) noted that salsalate "also has been shown to increase protein in the urine and its long-term safety will need further investigation." The Boston Globe (3/16, Weintraub), HealthDay (3/15, Preidt) and US News & World Report (3/15, Payne) also covered the story.
The New York Times (3/16, D5, Rabin) reports that salsalate, an "inexpensive, generic anti-inflammatory drug from the aspirin family, helped patients in a clinical trial manage their type 2 diabetes and lower their blood sugar, adding to evidence that inflammation plays a role in diabetes, and possibly pointing to new therapeutic approaches to the disease." Patients in the "randomized clinical trial led by researchers at the Joslin Diabetes Center improved their blood sugar levels after three months, with those taking the highest dose lowering their hemoglobin A1C scores by 0.5 percent on average," as well as lowered their triglycerides. "Even more importantly, the work may help unravel the root causes of diabetes, said Dr. Steven E. Shoelson, the paper's senior author and head of Joslin's research section on pathophysiology and molecular pharmacology."
WebMD (3/15, Warner) noted that salsalate "also has been shown to increase protein in the urine and its long-term safety will need further investigation." The Boston Globe (3/16, Weintraub), HealthDay (3/15, Preidt) and US News & World Report (3/15, Payne) also covered the story.
Herpes in America
One in six Americans infected with genital herpes.
The New York Times (3/15, D6, Rabin) reported that the latest CDC figures indicate that "one in six Americans aged 14 to 49 are infected with genital herpes, making the virus -- herpes simplex 2 -- one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the United States." Data also revealed that women were being infected "at almost twice the rate of men," and black Americans were "three times as likely to be infected as" their white counterparts, with black women accounting for the "highest rate of infection." There has not been an increase in the rate of infection, but "health officials are concerned, because individuals infected with genital herpes are at greater risk for" HIV infection "and for transmitting it to others."
Kidney Donor Risk
Long-term health risk for kidney donors appears to be low.
The New York Times (3/16, Rabin) reports in "Vital Signs" that "having only one kidney does not appear to affect the long-term survival of live kidney donors, and the risk of dying from the surgery itself is very low, according to" a study published March 10 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. In a study of 80,347 US adult kidney donors "followed for an average of 6.3 years" whose "survival was compared with a group of 9,364" matched, healthy controls, researchers found that "live kidney donors were no more likely to die than the comparison group."
The New York Times (3/16, Rabin) reports in "Vital Signs" that "having only one kidney does not appear to affect the long-term survival of live kidney donors, and the risk of dying from the surgery itself is very low, according to" a study published March 10 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. In a study of 80,347 US adult kidney donors "followed for an average of 6.3 years" whose "survival was compared with a group of 9,364" matched, healthy controls, researchers found that "live kidney donors were no more likely to die than the comparison group."
Vitamin D and Heart Disease
Increasing vitamin D levels may cut heart disease risk.
The Los Angeles Times (3/16, Roan) reports, "Raising the amount of vitamin D in the blood appears to help some people -- at least those deficient in the vitamin -- reduce their risk of heart disease by about 30%," according to research presented at the American College of Cardiology annual meeting. In the past, "researchers have been uncomfortable randomizing people with low vitamin D into a group that...does not" receive treatment, because deficiency "can contribute to weaker bones and" has "been associated with increased risks of several diseases, including several types of cancer."
The Salt Lake Tribune (3/16, May) reports that researchers reported that "patients who increased their vitamin D levels to 43 nanograms per milliliter of blood or higher reduced their risks of the chronic diseases." Currently, 30 nanograms is "considered 'normal.'"
Meanwhile, researchers also found that "patients who raised their vitamin D levels were 33% less likely to have a heart attack, 20% less likely to develop heart failure, and 30% less likely to die between" visits to their physician, WebMD (3/15, Laino) reported. HealthDay (3/15, Dotinga) also covered the story.
Vitamin, mineral supplements may not prevent disease. The Washington Post /Consumer Reports Insights (3/16) reports that, according to the Nutrition Business Journal, people in the US "spent an estimated $10 billion on" vitamin and mineral supplements in 2008, despite the fact that "recent studies undertaken to assess their benefits have delivered a flurry of disappointing results. The supplements failed to prevent Alzheimer's disease, cancer, heart attacks, strokes, type 2 diabetes, and premature death." Instead, "major health organizations for cancer, diabetes, and heart disease all advise against supplements in favor of a healthful diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes."
The Los Angeles Times (3/16, Roan) reports, "Raising the amount of vitamin D in the blood appears to help some people -- at least those deficient in the vitamin -- reduce their risk of heart disease by about 30%," according to research presented at the American College of Cardiology annual meeting. In the past, "researchers have been uncomfortable randomizing people with low vitamin D into a group that...does not" receive treatment, because deficiency "can contribute to weaker bones and" has "been associated with increased risks of several diseases, including several types of cancer."
The Salt Lake Tribune (3/16, May) reports that researchers reported that "patients who increased their vitamin D levels to 43 nanograms per milliliter of blood or higher reduced their risks of the chronic diseases." Currently, 30 nanograms is "considered 'normal.'"
Meanwhile, researchers also found that "patients who raised their vitamin D levels were 33% less likely to have a heart attack, 20% less likely to develop heart failure, and 30% less likely to die between" visits to their physician, WebMD (3/15, Laino) reported. HealthDay (3/15, Dotinga) also covered the story.
Vitamin, mineral supplements may not prevent disease. The Washington Post /Consumer Reports Insights (3/16) reports that, according to the Nutrition Business Journal, people in the US "spent an estimated $10 billion on" vitamin and mineral supplements in 2008, despite the fact that "recent studies undertaken to assess their benefits have delivered a flurry of disappointing results. The supplements failed to prevent Alzheimer's disease, cancer, heart attacks, strokes, type 2 diabetes, and premature death." Instead, "major health organizations for cancer, diabetes, and heart disease all advise against supplements in favor of a healthful diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes."
Impotence and Heart Attack Risk
Impotence may increase heart attack risk in some patients.
The Los Angeles Times (3/16, Maugh) reported that, after following some 1,500 men in 13 countries who were previously diagnosed the cardiovascular disease, researchers in Germany noted that participants who also had "ED were 1.9 times as likely to die from heart disease, twice as likely to have a heart attack, 1.2 times as likely to be hospitalized for heart failure and 1.1 times more likely to have a stroke." For the first time, researchers have shown that erectile dysfunction is a strong predictor of the likelihood that men will die of heart disease."
According to HealthDay (3/15, Reinberg), the "treatments for cardiovascular disease had no effect on erectile dysfunction, so the German researchers concluded that erectile dysfunction is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease." The paper in Circulation, according to one expert, "provides further evidence that all physicians should include questions about erectile function as part of their office-based assessment of a patient's risk of future cardiovascular disease."
The Los Angeles Times (3/16, Maugh) reported that, after following some 1,500 men in 13 countries who were previously diagnosed the cardiovascular disease, researchers in Germany noted that participants who also had "ED were 1.9 times as likely to die from heart disease, twice as likely to have a heart attack, 1.2 times as likely to be hospitalized for heart failure and 1.1 times more likely to have a stroke." For the first time, researchers have shown that erectile dysfunction is a strong predictor of the likelihood that men will die of heart disease."
According to HealthDay (3/15, Reinberg), the "treatments for cardiovascular disease had no effect on erectile dysfunction, so the German researchers concluded that erectile dysfunction is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease." The paper in Circulation, according to one expert, "provides further evidence that all physicians should include questions about erectile function as part of their office-based assessment of a patient's risk of future cardiovascular disease."
Reformed Smoker = Winner
Smokers who quit may experience improved arterial health within one year.
NBC Nightly News (3/15, story 8, 0:20, Williams) reported that there is a "new incentive for smokers to quit" considering a "big new study...says quitting can improve artery function" and "actually make blood vessels healthier."
Indeed, the work coming out of the University of Wisconsin-Madison indicates that people tend to "pick up pounds" when they quit smoking, the AP (3/16, Marchione) reports. But "a year after kicking the habit, smokers' arteries showed signs of reversing a problem that can set the stage for heart disease," according to the paper in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
In fact, the "benefit was the equivalent of a 14% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease," the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (3/15, Fauber) noted. Investigators reached that conclusion by using "a test known as flow-mediated dilation, which uses ultrasound to look at the ability of the brachial artery to relax." Participants who "who quit smoking had an improvement in flow-mediated dilation from 6.2% to 7.2%."
NBC Nightly News (3/15, story 8, 0:20, Williams) reported that there is a "new incentive for smokers to quit" considering a "big new study...says quitting can improve artery function" and "actually make blood vessels healthier."
Indeed, the work coming out of the University of Wisconsin-Madison indicates that people tend to "pick up pounds" when they quit smoking, the AP (3/16, Marchione) reports. But "a year after kicking the habit, smokers' arteries showed signs of reversing a problem that can set the stage for heart disease," according to the paper in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
In fact, the "benefit was the equivalent of a 14% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease," the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (3/15, Fauber) noted. Investigators reached that conclusion by using "a test known as flow-mediated dilation, which uses ultrasound to look at the ability of the brachial artery to relax." Participants who "who quit smoking had an improvement in flow-mediated dilation from 6.2% to 7.2%."
Doctors and Medicaid
Fewer doctors accepting new Medicaid patients.
On its front page, the New York Times (3/16, A1, Sack) reports that due to "a nationwide torrent of state cuts to Medicaid...patients are finding it increasingly difficult to locate doctors and dentists who will accept their coverage." In fact, "surveys show the share of doctors accepting new Medicaid patients is declining," and "emergency rooms are seeing more patients who do not need acute care." Meanwhile, "the inadequacy of Medicaid payments is severe enough that it has become a rare point of agreement in the healthcare debate between President Obama and Congressional Republicans." In Michigan, "Gov. Jennifer M. Granholm, a Democrat, has revived a proposal to impose a three percent tax on physician revenues" in order to cover a large increase in Medicaid patients.
On its front page, the New York Times (3/16, A1, Sack) reports that due to "a nationwide torrent of state cuts to Medicaid...patients are finding it increasingly difficult to locate doctors and dentists who will accept their coverage." In fact, "surveys show the share of doctors accepting new Medicaid patients is declining," and "emergency rooms are seeing more patients who do not need acute care." Meanwhile, "the inadequacy of Medicaid payments is severe enough that it has become a rare point of agreement in the healthcare debate between President Obama and Congressional Republicans." In Michigan, "Gov. Jennifer M. Granholm, a Democrat, has revived a proposal to impose a three percent tax on physician revenues" in order to cover a large increase in Medicaid patients.
Skin Cancer Trends
Non-melanoma skin cancer cases increasing.
The CBS Evening News (3/15, story 6, 0:20, Couric) reported that "there has been a dramatic rise of certain types of skin cancer in older Americans. A new study of people on Medicare found that in just four years the number of procedures to treat non-melanoma skin cancers jumped about 77%. Researchers say the rise of sunbathing and tanning after World War II may have contributed to the increase."
Bloomberg News (3/16, Ostrow) reports, "The number of Americans treated for non-melanoma skin cancer increased 14.3 percent from 2002 to 2006, according to" a study published March 16 in the Archives of Dermatology. In 2006 alone, researchers "estimated there were more than 3.5 million non-melanoma skin cancers in the US...and about 2.1 million people were treated for the malignancy that year." In a March 12 interview, dermatologist and study author Howard Rogers, MD, PhD, stated, "There's an epidemic of skin cancer," which he attributed to a continued "lack of appreciation of the danger of going out in the sun."
The CBS Evening News (3/15, story 6, 0:20, Couric) reported that "there has been a dramatic rise of certain types of skin cancer in older Americans. A new study of people on Medicare found that in just four years the number of procedures to treat non-melanoma skin cancers jumped about 77%. Researchers say the rise of sunbathing and tanning after World War II may have contributed to the increase."
Bloomberg News (3/16, Ostrow) reports, "The number of Americans treated for non-melanoma skin cancer increased 14.3 percent from 2002 to 2006, according to" a study published March 16 in the Archives of Dermatology. In 2006 alone, researchers "estimated there were more than 3.5 million non-melanoma skin cancers in the US...and about 2.1 million people were treated for the malignancy that year." In a March 12 interview, dermatologist and study author Howard Rogers, MD, PhD, stated, "There's an epidemic of skin cancer," which he attributed to a continued "lack of appreciation of the danger of going out in the sun."
Endurance Sport Training Risks
Endurance training may increase risk of high blood pressure, heart complications.
Bloomberg News (3/13, Thomas) reported that, according to data presented during the American College of Cardiology meeting, "marathon runners are at risk for high blood pressure and heart complications, as endurance training can stress the cardiovascular system." Indeed, "moderate exercise has a protective effect and people who don't exercise have a higher risk of developing heart-related problems." But, comparing the cardiovascular system to "a sports car engine," lead researcher Despina Kardara, of the Athens Medical School, said, "If you do not use it, it will decay, but if you run it too fast for too long, you might burn out."
In fact, the marathoners who participated in the study "had significantly higher systolic blood pressure...than the non-marathoners, about 11 points higher on average, when measured at the brachial artery in the upper arm," HealthDay (3/13) reported. "Their mean blood pressure was also about eight points higher on average," and they had "increased stiffness of the large arteries, suggesting that some types of high-intensity exercise may actually be bad for the heart, potentially leading to hardening of the arteries, high blood pressure, heart attack, and even death."
Bloomberg News (3/13, Thomas) reported that, according to data presented during the American College of Cardiology meeting, "marathon runners are at risk for high blood pressure and heart complications, as endurance training can stress the cardiovascular system." Indeed, "moderate exercise has a protective effect and people who don't exercise have a higher risk of developing heart-related problems." But, comparing the cardiovascular system to "a sports car engine," lead researcher Despina Kardara, of the Athens Medical School, said, "If you do not use it, it will decay, but if you run it too fast for too long, you might burn out."
In fact, the marathoners who participated in the study "had significantly higher systolic blood pressure...than the non-marathoners, about 11 points higher on average, when measured at the brachial artery in the upper arm," HealthDay (3/13) reported. "Their mean blood pressure was also about eight points higher on average," and they had "increased stiffness of the large arteries, suggesting that some types of high-intensity exercise may actually be bad for the heart, potentially leading to hardening of the arteries, high blood pressure, heart attack, and even death."
Ankle Sprain Age Risk
Risk for ankle sprains may vary by age.
In a USA Today (3/15) "Your Health" column, Kim Painter observes that, according to a study "of 82,971 sprained ankles" presented at the meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, "two people in 1,000 were treated in emergency departments for ankle sprains each year, but the risk varied greatly by age, reaching a peak of seven in 1,000 among teens ages 15 to 19." Not surprisingly, "49% of sprains occurred during athletic activities," and "27% of ankle sprains were linked to stair falls."
In a USA Today (3/15) "Your Health" column, Kim Painter observes that, according to a study "of 82,971 sprained ankles" presented at the meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, "two people in 1,000 were treated in emergency departments for ankle sprains each year, but the risk varied greatly by age, reaching a peak of seven in 1,000 among teens ages 15 to 19." Not surprisingly, "49% of sprains occurred during athletic activities," and "27% of ankle sprains were linked to stair falls."
Poverty and Obesity
South Bronx's obesity woes associated with food insecurity.
The New York Times (3/14, MB4, Dolnick) reported that a survey by the Food Research and Action Center reveals that "the most severe hunger-related problems in the nation are in the South Bronx, long one of the country's capitals of obesity." In fact, "nearly 37 percent of residents in the 16th Congressional District...said they lacked money to buy food at some point in the past 12 months," a figure that is "twice the national average." Findings like these "present a different way to look at hunger: not starving, but 'food insecure,'" meaning that some people may be "unable to afford the basics, unable to get to the grocery, or unable to find fresh produce among the pizza shops, doughnut stores, and fried-everything restaurants."
The New York Times (3/14, MB4, Dolnick) reported that a survey by the Food Research and Action Center reveals that "the most severe hunger-related problems in the nation are in the South Bronx, long one of the country's capitals of obesity." In fact, "nearly 37 percent of residents in the 16th Congressional District...said they lacked money to buy food at some point in the past 12 months," a figure that is "twice the national average." Findings like these "present a different way to look at hunger: not starving, but 'food insecure,'" meaning that some people may be "unable to afford the basics, unable to get to the grocery, or unable to find fresh produce among the pizza shops, doughnut stores, and fried-everything restaurants."
Depression in Parents
Serious depression may affect one in five US parents.
In a special series, the Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) reports that "evidence is mounting that growing up with a depressed parent increases a child's risk for mental health problems, cognitive difficulties, and troubled social relationships," problems that continue into adulthood. Currently, "serious depression affects about one in five American parents, and 15.6 million children live with an adult who has had major depression in the last year, according to government data." But, "studies suggest...that changing destructive parenting practices and teaching children good coping strategies can make a big, positive difference in kids." In a related article, the Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) provides "resources with information on depression and how to reduce the effect of a parent's depression on children."
Report calls for screening, greater access to care for depression. The Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) reports, "Not only should parents and children be screened more routinely for depression, they also need access to care, says last year's report by the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine on the effects of parental depression." John Williams, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at Duke University, believes that "adult primary care and pediatricians' offices could be convenient places for screening, but such screening happens infrequently," partly due to the lack of an insurance reimbursement code that would allow physicians to "get paid for it."
In a special series, the Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) reports that "evidence is mounting that growing up with a depressed parent increases a child's risk for mental health problems, cognitive difficulties, and troubled social relationships," problems that continue into adulthood. Currently, "serious depression affects about one in five American parents, and 15.6 million children live with an adult who has had major depression in the last year, according to government data." But, "studies suggest...that changing destructive parenting practices and teaching children good coping strategies can make a big, positive difference in kids." In a related article, the Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) provides "resources with information on depression and how to reduce the effect of a parent's depression on children."
Report calls for screening, greater access to care for depression. The Los Angeles Times (3/15, Elias) reports, "Not only should parents and children be screened more routinely for depression, they also need access to care, says last year's report by the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine on the effects of parental depression." John Williams, a professor of medicine and psychiatry at Duke University, believes that "adult primary care and pediatricians' offices could be convenient places for screening, but such screening happens infrequently," partly due to the lack of an insurance reimbursement code that would allow physicians to "get paid for it."
Thimerisol and Autism
US court rules thimerosal does not cause autism.
The New York Times (3/13, A11, McNeil) reported, "In a further blow to the antivaccine movement, three judges ruled Friday in three separate cases that thimerosal, a preservative containing mercury, does not cause autism." The rulings "are the second step in the Omnibus Autism Proceeding begun in 2002 in the United States Court of Federal Claims," which "combines the cases of 5,000 families with autistic children seeking compensation from the federal vaccine injury fund." The fund pays "families of children hurt by vaccines," but it "has never accepted that vaccines cause autism."
The Los Angeles Times (3/13, Maugh, Zajac) reported, "The cases that three judges, called special masters, chose to rule on as test cases were considered among the strongest, so the outlook appears grim for others making the same claim." In one case, Special Master Denise K. Vowell wrote that "petitioners propose effects from mercury in [vaccines] that do not resemble mercury's known effects in the brain, either behaviorally or at the cellular level."
"The cases had been divided into three theories about a vaccine-autism relationship for the court to consider," the AP (3/13, Schmid) reported. The court previously "rejected a theory that thimerasol can cause autism when combined with the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine," and "a theory that certain vaccines alone cause autism." But, Friday's "ruling doesn't necessarily mean an end to the dispute...with appeals to other courts available."
The New York Times (3/13, A11, McNeil) reported, "In a further blow to the antivaccine movement, three judges ruled Friday in three separate cases that thimerosal, a preservative containing mercury, does not cause autism." The rulings "are the second step in the Omnibus Autism Proceeding begun in 2002 in the United States Court of Federal Claims," which "combines the cases of 5,000 families with autistic children seeking compensation from the federal vaccine injury fund." The fund pays "families of children hurt by vaccines," but it "has never accepted that vaccines cause autism."
The Los Angeles Times (3/13, Maugh, Zajac) reported, "The cases that three judges, called special masters, chose to rule on as test cases were considered among the strongest, so the outlook appears grim for others making the same claim." In one case, Special Master Denise K. Vowell wrote that "petitioners propose effects from mercury in [vaccines] that do not resemble mercury's known effects in the brain, either behaviorally or at the cellular level."
"The cases had been divided into three theories about a vaccine-autism relationship for the court to consider," the AP (3/13, Schmid) reported. The court previously "rejected a theory that thimerasol can cause autism when combined with the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine," and "a theory that certain vaccines alone cause autism." But, Friday's "ruling doesn't necessarily mean an end to the dispute...with appeals to other courts available."
Heart Attacks in Type II Diabetics
Strategies to prevent heart attacks in type 2 diabetes patients may be ineffective, harmful.
The New York Times (3/15, A11, Kolata) reports that, according to studies presented at the American College of Cardiology meeting and to be published online March 18 by the New England Journal of Medicine, "aggressive treatment strategies doctors had expected would prevent heart attacks among people with type 2 diabetes and some who are the verge of developing it have proved to be ineffective or even harmful." Still, some experts, such as Dr. Daniel Einhorn, said that the results of these studies "would not necessarily dissuade him from taking such intensive measures with individual patients." He conceded, however, "It's hard to make a case for a public health recommendation."
The Wall Street Journal (3/15, Winslow) reports that the ACCORD study of a subset of 5,518 patients found that treating hypertension to levels currently lower than recommended in practice does not lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, or death in type 2 diabetes patients. Researchers also found that Abbott's drug TriCor (fenofibrate), even though it did lower triglyceride levels, did not stop patients from having strokes and heart attacks. In another study, the drug Starlix (nateglinide) did not stop patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes from eventually developing the condition.
USA Today (3/15, Sternberg) reports that the ACCORD study findings "provoked a sharp response from Abbott vice president Eugene Sun, who said in a statement that" in patients with "abnormally high triglycerides or low levels of good cholesterol," combining "fenofibrate and simvastatin reduced heart attacks, strokes, and deaths by 31% over simvastatin alone." Meanwhile, cardiologist Steven Nissen, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic, pointed out the risk of a "higher incidence of kidney failure and other serious side effects" revealed when "doctors examined the benefits of intensive blood pressure lowering in diabetic patients and found that it failed to reduce deaths, heart attacks, and strokes taken together."
The New York Times (3/15, A11, Kolata) reports that, according to studies presented at the American College of Cardiology meeting and to be published online March 18 by the New England Journal of Medicine, "aggressive treatment strategies doctors had expected would prevent heart attacks among people with type 2 diabetes and some who are the verge of developing it have proved to be ineffective or even harmful." Still, some experts, such as Dr. Daniel Einhorn, said that the results of these studies "would not necessarily dissuade him from taking such intensive measures with individual patients." He conceded, however, "It's hard to make a case for a public health recommendation."
The Wall Street Journal (3/15, Winslow) reports that the ACCORD study of a subset of 5,518 patients found that treating hypertension to levels currently lower than recommended in practice does not lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, or death in type 2 diabetes patients. Researchers also found that Abbott's drug TriCor (fenofibrate), even though it did lower triglyceride levels, did not stop patients from having strokes and heart attacks. In another study, the drug Starlix (nateglinide) did not stop patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes from eventually developing the condition.
USA Today (3/15, Sternberg) reports that the ACCORD study findings "provoked a sharp response from Abbott vice president Eugene Sun, who said in a statement that" in patients with "abnormally high triglycerides or low levels of good cholesterol," combining "fenofibrate and simvastatin reduced heart attacks, strokes, and deaths by 31% over simvastatin alone." Meanwhile, cardiologist Steven Nissen, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic, pointed out the risk of a "higher incidence of kidney failure and other serious side effects" revealed when "doctors examined the benefits of intensive blood pressure lowering in diabetic patients and found that it failed to reduce deaths, heart attacks, and strokes taken together."
Saturday, March 13, 2010
Head Lice Update
Ivermectin may be more effective than malathion lotion in killing head lice.
The Los Angeles Times (3/11, Stein) reports, "A new study has found that in tough cases" of head lice, Stromectol (ivermectin), which is "not approved for use in the US for head lice," eradicates the "parasites more effectively than" a lotion containing the insecticide malathion. "The study, published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine," studied "812 people in 376 households in seven areas in the world," and found that in the "ivermectin group, 95% of the participants were lice-free after two weeks, compared with 85% of the malathion group." The Times adds, "Ivermectin is not approved for use in the US for head lice."
Bloomberg News (3/11, Ostrow) points out that "those in the medical trial were considered hard to cure because they had been treated unsuccessfully with lotions for their head lice for two to six weeks before the start of the study." The researchers also "said the medicine should be restricted to people whose head lice doesn't go away with other treatments to prevent resistance to the drug." HealthDay (3/10, Gordon), MedPage Today (3/10, Emery) and WebMD (3/10, DeNoon) also covered the story.
The Los Angeles Times (3/11, Stein) reports, "A new study has found that in tough cases" of head lice, Stromectol (ivermectin), which is "not approved for use in the US for head lice," eradicates the "parasites more effectively than" a lotion containing the insecticide malathion. "The study, published Thursday in the New England Journal of Medicine," studied "812 people in 376 households in seven areas in the world," and found that in the "ivermectin group, 95% of the participants were lice-free after two weeks, compared with 85% of the malathion group." The Times adds, "Ivermectin is not approved for use in the US for head lice."
Bloomberg News (3/11, Ostrow) points out that "those in the medical trial were considered hard to cure because they had been treated unsuccessfully with lotions for their head lice for two to six weeks before the start of the study." The researchers also "said the medicine should be restricted to people whose head lice doesn't go away with other treatments to prevent resistance to the drug." HealthDay (3/10, Gordon), MedPage Today (3/10, Emery) and WebMD (3/10, DeNoon) also covered the story.
Corn Syrup Metabolism
Researchers studying how high-fructose corn syrup is metabolized.
In its "Eye On Your Health" segment, the CBS Evening News (3/10, story 6, 4: 20, Couric) reported that use of high-fructose corn syrup in food products remains controversial. Correspondent Michelle Miller explained that "even as some companies are busy removing high fructose corn syrup from products" in response to consumer demand, the "Corn Refiners' Association is fighting back by running ads" suggesting that the syrup is "fine in moderation." Meanwhile, to find out "whether our bodies metabolize high fructose corn syrup differently than table sugar," researchers "at UC Davis are conducting a long-term study."
In its "Eye On Your Health" segment, the CBS Evening News (3/10, story 6, 4: 20, Couric) reported that use of high-fructose corn syrup in food products remains controversial. Correspondent Michelle Miller explained that "even as some companies are busy removing high fructose corn syrup from products" in response to consumer demand, the "Corn Refiners' Association is fighting back by running ads" suggesting that the syrup is "fine in moderation." Meanwhile, to find out "whether our bodies metabolize high fructose corn syrup differently than table sugar," researchers "at UC Davis are conducting a long-term study."
Sports Injuries in Children
Sports injuries in children increasing.
HealthDay (3/10, Dotinga) reported that, according to a presentation given at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting, sports injuries in children "are increasing, because kids are playing sports year-round -- often without seasonal breaks -- and being exposed to more athletic activity by playing on more than one team at once." Another presentation "warned that young gymnasts often develop osteochondritis dissecans injuries -- a softening of bone underneath cartilage," but "early detection can allow for the option of non-operative treatments, such as activity modification followed by physical therapy," the presenter said.
HealthDay (3/10, Dotinga) reported that, according to a presentation given at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting, sports injuries in children "are increasing, because kids are playing sports year-round -- often without seasonal breaks -- and being exposed to more athletic activity by playing on more than one team at once." Another presentation "warned that young gymnasts often develop osteochondritis dissecans injuries -- a softening of bone underneath cartilage," but "early detection can allow for the option of non-operative treatments, such as activity modification followed by physical therapy," the presenter said.
Bisphosphonate Use and Femur Fracture
FDA evaluating atypical femur fracture risk from long-term bisphosphonate use.
ABC World News (3/10, story 3, 1:00, Sawyer) reported, "The FDA sent out a nationwide announcement today" about "the potential side effects of osteoporosis drugs like Fosamax [alendronate]." ABC (Besser) added that the agency "said in their announcement...physicians need to watch for the possibility of possible risk of femur fractures. And this didn't just apply to Fosamax, this applied to all four drugs that are in this group Fosamax, Actonel [risedronate], Boniva [ibandronate], and Reclast [zoledronic acid]."
Meanwhile, NBC Nightly News (3/10, story 4, 2:00, Williams), reported that "two small studies presented at a meeting of orthopedic surgeons suggest that in a small portion of patients who use the drug for five years they can" increase "the rate of a rare type of hip fracture."
USA Today (3/11, Lloyd) reports that the "studies show the bones of some post-menopausal women who take bisphosphonates...to ward off osteoporosis can stop rejuvenating and become brittle after long-term use." Researchers found that "the drugs are effective initially in slowing bone loss," but "the quality of the bone diminished after long-tern bisphosphonate use." A separate study indicated that "bone densitometry (DXA) scans show a buckling potential in the femur area of the hip in patients being treated for osteoporosis with bisphosphonates."
According to the Wall Street Journal (3/11, Dooren), the FDA is now examining whether long-term use of the drugs increases the risk of atypical subtrochanteric femur fractures, but so far, the agency said the data it "has reviewed have not shown a clear connection."
Still, ABC (3/10, Romo, Salahi, Childs) points out on its website that the FDA "is working closely with outside experts, including members of the recently convened American Society of Bone and Mineral Research Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture Task Force, to gather additional information that may provide more insight into this issue." Reuters (3/11, Clarke) and MedPage Today (3/10, Gever) also covered the story.
ABC World News (3/10, story 3, 1:00, Sawyer) reported, "The FDA sent out a nationwide announcement today" about "the potential side effects of osteoporosis drugs like Fosamax [alendronate]." ABC (Besser) added that the agency "said in their announcement...physicians need to watch for the possibility of possible risk of femur fractures. And this didn't just apply to Fosamax, this applied to all four drugs that are in this group Fosamax, Actonel [risedronate], Boniva [ibandronate], and Reclast [zoledronic acid]."
Meanwhile, NBC Nightly News (3/10, story 4, 2:00, Williams), reported that "two small studies presented at a meeting of orthopedic surgeons suggest that in a small portion of patients who use the drug for five years they can" increase "the rate of a rare type of hip fracture."
USA Today (3/11, Lloyd) reports that the "studies show the bones of some post-menopausal women who take bisphosphonates...to ward off osteoporosis can stop rejuvenating and become brittle after long-term use." Researchers found that "the drugs are effective initially in slowing bone loss," but "the quality of the bone diminished after long-tern bisphosphonate use." A separate study indicated that "bone densitometry (DXA) scans show a buckling potential in the femur area of the hip in patients being treated for osteoporosis with bisphosphonates."
According to the Wall Street Journal (3/11, Dooren), the FDA is now examining whether long-term use of the drugs increases the risk of atypical subtrochanteric femur fractures, but so far, the agency said the data it "has reviewed have not shown a clear connection."
Still, ABC (3/10, Romo, Salahi, Childs) points out on its website that the FDA "is working closely with outside experts, including members of the recently convened American Society of Bone and Mineral Research Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture Task Force, to gather additional information that may provide more insight into this issue." Reuters (3/11, Clarke) and MedPage Today (3/10, Gever) also covered the story.
Vytorin Update
Merck says it will continue study of Vytorin effectiveness.
The AP (3/12, Johnson) reports that "researchers will continue a study of a controversial Merck & Co. cholesterol drug," Vytorin (ezetimibe and simvastatin), "after safety monitors decided data so far indicate the drug is safe and effective, the company said Thursday." Merck "said the data safety monitoring board overseeing the study, called IMPROVE-IT, did a preplanned analysis of results halfway through the study." The research "is intended to determine whether Merck's combination cholesterol pill Vytorin prevents heart attacks, strokes, and deaths more than just one of its components, Zocor [simvastatin], which is available as a cheap generic pill." Reuters (3/12, Pierson) also covers the story.
The AP (3/12, Johnson) reports that "researchers will continue a study of a controversial Merck & Co. cholesterol drug," Vytorin (ezetimibe and simvastatin), "after safety monitors decided data so far indicate the drug is safe and effective, the company said Thursday." Merck "said the data safety monitoring board overseeing the study, called IMPROVE-IT, did a preplanned analysis of results halfway through the study." The research "is intended to determine whether Merck's combination cholesterol pill Vytorin prevents heart attacks, strokes, and deaths more than just one of its components, Zocor [simvastatin], which is available as a cheap generic pill." Reuters (3/12, Pierson) also covers the story.
Breast Pump Incentive
More mothers may be turning to breast pumps.
Time (3/11, Sharick) reported, "Although there is no official tally of the number of women who pump exclusively, numerous conversations with mothers suggest that the practice is not uncommon and perhaps even growing." The reasons for forgoing breastfeeding "are varied: some mothers say they dislike the feeling of a suckling" infant; "others say it is painful or that the baby fails to latch" on; and there are those who struggle with a lack of time or "want to avoid the uncomfortable possibility of having to breastfeed in public." But while "technology has helped fuel the trend," the push for breastfeeding is still being supported by some "lactation experts" and research on the benefits to both mother and child.
Time (3/11, Sharick) reported, "Although there is no official tally of the number of women who pump exclusively, numerous conversations with mothers suggest that the practice is not uncommon and perhaps even growing." The reasons for forgoing breastfeeding "are varied: some mothers say they dislike the feeling of a suckling" infant; "others say it is painful or that the baby fails to latch" on; and there are those who struggle with a lack of time or "want to avoid the uncomfortable possibility of having to breastfeed in public." But while "technology has helped fuel the trend," the push for breastfeeding is still being supported by some "lactation experts" and research on the benefits to both mother and child.
Oral Contraceptives May Reduce Mortality
Oral contraceptives may reduce risk of death from any cause in women.
Bloomberg News (3/12, Cortez) reports that, according to findings published in the British Medical Journal, women who use oral contraceptives "were less likely to die of heart disease, cancer, or a range of other medical ailments." In fact, "women who took the pill were 12 percent less likely to die from any cause during the study." The study also showed that "the risk of death was slightly higher in women under age 45 who were current or recent users, though it abated after 10 years." Data indicated that "overall, there were 52 fewer deaths than expected for every 100,000 women taking the pill each year."
MedPage Today (3/11, Fiore) reports that researchers "found lower rates of death from circulatory disease, ischemic heart disease, and other disease among women who'd used birth control pills," as well as "all cancers." Notably, "women on the pill did have higher rates of violent deaths," but "the researcher said they had no explanation for this association."
Bloomberg News (3/12, Cortez) reports that, according to findings published in the British Medical Journal, women who use oral contraceptives "were less likely to die of heart disease, cancer, or a range of other medical ailments." In fact, "women who took the pill were 12 percent less likely to die from any cause during the study." The study also showed that "the risk of death was slightly higher in women under age 45 who were current or recent users, though it abated after 10 years." Data indicated that "overall, there were 52 fewer deaths than expected for every 100,000 women taking the pill each year."
MedPage Today (3/11, Fiore) reports that researchers "found lower rates of death from circulatory disease, ischemic heart disease, and other disease among women who'd used birth control pills," as well as "all cancers." Notably, "women on the pill did have higher rates of violent deaths," but "the researcher said they had no explanation for this association."
PSA Test Update
Expert says prostate cancer debate is inappropriately focused on PSA test.
In a letter to the editor of the New York Times (3/11), American Urological Association President Anton Bueschen, MD, responds to an op-ed that appeared in the paper on March 10. Although the group "does not advocate universal yearly PSA testing, nor does it support routine biopsy," Bueschen asserts that the "debate over prostate cancer testing is inappropriately focused on the PSA test itself, when we should be focusing on how test results are being interpreted and affecting treatment decisions."
Physician criticizes ACS recommendations for prostate exams. In a commentary in Forbes (3/12), Marc Siegel, MD, an associate professor of medicine and medical director of Doctor Radio at NYU Langone Medical Center, writes that "the growing success of prostate cancer surgery with fewer and fewer side effects, coupled with the ability to diagnose the condition earlier, makes the PSA a crucial test." Siegel argues that "the American Cancer Society completely missed the boat when last month they suggested not screening a patient until the age of 50 and de-emphasized the use of the prostate-specific antigen test and the digital rectal exam." According to Siegel, "PSA guidelines that restrict the use of the test undermine the thinking and judgment that goes into the real-life practice of medicine."
In a letter to the editor of the New York Times (3/11), American Urological Association President Anton Bueschen, MD, responds to an op-ed that appeared in the paper on March 10. Although the group "does not advocate universal yearly PSA testing, nor does it support routine biopsy," Bueschen asserts that the "debate over prostate cancer testing is inappropriately focused on the PSA test itself, when we should be focusing on how test results are being interpreted and affecting treatment decisions."
Physician criticizes ACS recommendations for prostate exams. In a commentary in Forbes (3/12), Marc Siegel, MD, an associate professor of medicine and medical director of Doctor Radio at NYU Langone Medical Center, writes that "the growing success of prostate cancer surgery with fewer and fewer side effects, coupled with the ability to diagnose the condition earlier, makes the PSA a crucial test." Siegel argues that "the American Cancer Society completely missed the boat when last month they suggested not screening a patient until the age of 50 and de-emphasized the use of the prostate-specific antigen test and the digital rectal exam." According to Siegel, "PSA guidelines that restrict the use of the test undermine the thinking and judgment that goes into the real-life practice of medicine."
Patient Safety Curriculum
Many medical schools struggling to find resources to teach patient safety.
In the New York Times (3/11) Doctor and Patient column, Pauline W. Chen, MD, wrote although "hospitals have increasingly made patient safety a priority," according to a paper from "a committee of leading experts in medical education and healthcare working with the Lucian Leape Institute of the National Patient Safety Foundation, young doctors are still going out into practice with little education or training in patient safety." Chen noted that "changing a healthcare culture that undermines some of the most important principles of error reduction...has proved to be much more difficult than a safety checklist would lead one to assume." In fact, many medical schools "have had difficulty finding financial support, supportive leadership, and experienced physician-teachers with formal training in patient safety."
In the New York Times (3/11) Doctor and Patient column, Pauline W. Chen, MD, wrote although "hospitals have increasingly made patient safety a priority," according to a paper from "a committee of leading experts in medical education and healthcare working with the Lucian Leape Institute of the National Patient Safety Foundation, young doctors are still going out into practice with little education or training in patient safety." Chen noted that "changing a healthcare culture that undermines some of the most important principles of error reduction...has proved to be much more difficult than a safety checklist would lead one to assume." In fact, many medical schools "have had difficulty finding financial support, supportive leadership, and experienced physician-teachers with formal training in patient safety."
Dietary Supplement Update
US senators reach agreement on more modest dietary supplement safeguards.
The Salt Lake Tribune (3/11, Canham) reported that a "few days ago," Sen. John McCain (R-AZ) "stepped away from a tougher" bill on dietary supplement safety "because of the concerns expressed by Sen. Orrin Hatch, who is a major supporter of the...industry." Now, however, the "senators have reached an agreement on more modest dietary supplement safeguards that would make it easier to crackdown on products that could hurt people." Some of the "common ground" areas that will appear in the measure include requiring that all supplement companies "register with the federal government," making sure the FDA has "the ability to issue 'a mandatory recall order,'" and insisting that the agency "notify the Drug Enforcement Administration if they find an ingredient contains a steroid."
The Salt Lake Tribune (3/11, Canham) reported that a "few days ago," Sen. John McCain (R-AZ) "stepped away from a tougher" bill on dietary supplement safety "because of the concerns expressed by Sen. Orrin Hatch, who is a major supporter of the...industry." Now, however, the "senators have reached an agreement on more modest dietary supplement safeguards that would make it easier to crackdown on products that could hurt people." Some of the "common ground" areas that will appear in the measure include requiring that all supplement companies "register with the federal government," making sure the FDA has "the ability to issue 'a mandatory recall order,'" and insisting that the agency "notify the Drug Enforcement Administration if they find an ingredient contains a steroid."
Teens and Drug Use
Lethal inhalant use surpasses marijuana, cocaine experimentation among 12-year-olds.
ABC World News (3/11, story 3, 1:35, Sawyer) reported that newly released data indicate that "a number of children in this country...are sniffing hair spray and spray paint before moving onto drugs like marijuana." One 17-year-old who started inhaling at 11 says, "It's free. It's easy. You can steal it. You can take it from your parents. It's instant and it's intense."
And, it is catching on, according to "The Crime Scene" blog, hosted by the Washington Post (3/11, Glod). The 2006-2008 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health reveal that a "rate of lifetime inhalant use among 12 year olds of 6.9 percent, compared to a rate of 1.4 percent for marijuana; a rate of 0.7 percent for use of hallucinogens; and a 0.1 rate for cocaine use." Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Administrator Pamela S. Hyde said, "Parents must wake up to the reality that their child might try huffing and the consequences could be devastating."
According to CQ HealthBeat (3/11, Reichard), "Timothy Condon, deputy director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, said other research shows a disturbing downward trend among high schoolers who see 'great risk' in using inhalants once or twice a week."
On its website, CBS News (3/11) also quotes Condon as saying: "At the same time, the survey shows that inhalant use isn't declining as much as it has in recent years among eighth and tenth graders." He added, "If today's attitude translates into future use, we have reason to be concerned." Thus, on Sunday, the National Inhalant Prevention Coalition and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration "is kicking off National Inhalants and Poisons Awareness Week," CNN (3/11, Young) reported on its website. Reuters (3/12, Allen) and the Christian Science Monitor (3/11, Guarino) also covered the story.
ABC World News (3/11, story 3, 1:35, Sawyer) reported that newly released data indicate that "a number of children in this country...are sniffing hair spray and spray paint before moving onto drugs like marijuana." One 17-year-old who started inhaling at 11 says, "It's free. It's easy. You can steal it. You can take it from your parents. It's instant and it's intense."
And, it is catching on, according to "The Crime Scene" blog, hosted by the Washington Post (3/11, Glod). The 2006-2008 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health reveal that a "rate of lifetime inhalant use among 12 year olds of 6.9 percent, compared to a rate of 1.4 percent for marijuana; a rate of 0.7 percent for use of hallucinogens; and a 0.1 rate for cocaine use." Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Administrator Pamela S. Hyde said, "Parents must wake up to the reality that their child might try huffing and the consequences could be devastating."
According to CQ HealthBeat (3/11, Reichard), "Timothy Condon, deputy director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, said other research shows a disturbing downward trend among high schoolers who see 'great risk' in using inhalants once or twice a week."
On its website, CBS News (3/11) also quotes Condon as saying: "At the same time, the survey shows that inhalant use isn't declining as much as it has in recent years among eighth and tenth graders." He added, "If today's attitude translates into future use, we have reason to be concerned." Thus, on Sunday, the National Inhalant Prevention Coalition and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration "is kicking off National Inhalants and Poisons Awareness Week," CNN (3/11, Young) reported on its website. Reuters (3/12, Allen) and the Christian Science Monitor (3/11, Guarino) also covered the story.
Wednesday, March 10, 2010
Botox and Finger Spasms
FDA approves Botox to treat elbow, wrist, and finger spasms.
The AP (3/10, Perrone) reports that "the Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday it approved Allergan's...Botox [Botulinum toxin Type A] to treat spasms of the elbow, wrist and fingers." The agency "stressed in a statement that Botox is not approved to treat spasms in larger muscles of the arms or legs." In 2009, "the agency added warnings to Botox about its potential to migrate from limbs to other parts of the body, causing breathing problems."
Bloomberg News (3/10, Peterson) reports that "clinical trials showed the drug helped patients with muscle spasms in the upper limbs, Russell Katz, director of the Food and Drug Administration's Division of Neurology Products, said...in an e-mailed statement." Dow Jones Newswire (3/10, Dooren), Reuters (3/10), and HealthDay (3/9, Roberts) also covered the story.
The AP (3/10, Perrone) reports that "the Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday it approved Allergan's...Botox [Botulinum toxin Type A] to treat spasms of the elbow, wrist and fingers." The agency "stressed in a statement that Botox is not approved to treat spasms in larger muscles of the arms or legs." In 2009, "the agency added warnings to Botox about its potential to migrate from limbs to other parts of the body, causing breathing problems."
Bloomberg News (3/10, Peterson) reports that "clinical trials showed the drug helped patients with muscle spasms in the upper limbs, Russell Katz, director of the Food and Drug Administration's Division of Neurology Products, said...in an e-mailed statement." Dow Jones Newswire (3/10, Dooren), Reuters (3/10), and HealthDay (3/9, Roberts) also covered the story.
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